Emma Elliott Smith
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- Deprecated function: Return type of DateObject::__wakeup() should either be compatible with DateTime::__wakeup(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in include_once() (line 143 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/sites/all/modules/date/date_api/date_api.module).
- Deprecated function: Return type of DateObject::format($format, $force = false) should either be compatible with DateTime::format(string $format): string, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in include_once() (line 143 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/sites/all/modules/date/date_api/date_api.module).
- Deprecated function: Return type of DateObject::setTimezone($tz, $force = false) should either be compatible with DateTime::setTimezone(DateTimeZone $timezone): DateTime, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in include_once() (line 143 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/sites/all/modules/date/date_api/date_api.module).
- Deprecated function: Optional parameter $input declared before required parameter $form_state is implicitly treated as a required parameter in include_once() (line 1445 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/includes/bootstrap.inc).
- Deprecated function: Optional parameter $data declared before required parameter $name is implicitly treated as a required parameter in require_once() (line 342 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/includes/module.inc).
- Deprecated function: Optional parameter $data declared before required parameter $name is implicitly treated as a required parameter in require_once() (line 342 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/includes/module.inc).
- Deprecated function: Optional parameter $file declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in require_once() (line 342 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/includes/module.inc).
- Deprecated function: Optional parameter $account declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in require_once() (line 342 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/includes/module.inc).
- Deprecated function: Optional parameter $entity declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in require_once() (line 342 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/includes/module.inc).
- Deprecated function: Optional parameter $account declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in require_once() (line 342 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/includes/module.inc).
- Deprecated function: Optional parameter $values declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in require_once() (line 342 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/includes/module.inc).
- Deprecated function: Optional parameter $view_mode declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in require_once() (line 342 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/includes/module.inc).
- Deprecated function: Optional parameter $langcode declared before required parameter $entity_type is implicitly treated as a required parameter in require_once() (line 342 of /home/csi/public_html/csi.unm.edu/includes/module.inc).

I am interested in animal ecology, with an emphasis on how retrospective studies can aid conservation efforts. My current research focus is historical sea otter ecology. I use stable isotope analysis to characterize ancient and modern sea otter dietary ecology throughout the North Pacific and California, and quantify how humans have influenced this species over the Holocene. Sea otters are keystone members of nearshore communities, maintaining healthy kelp forests through predation on invertebrate grazers. Thus, understanding the dynamics of this species may inform conservation of an entire ecosystem. My study sites include the Aleutian Islands, southeastern Alaska, and California.

